Visible carbureter.



Patented July 13, 1915.

3 SHEETS-SHEET I.

L. s. GARDNER.

VISIBLE CARBURETER.

lw. .O

APPLICATION FILED NOV. I, ISI?.v Ll.

Ll .8. GARDNER.

VISIBLE CARBURETER.

APPLICATION F1150 Nov.v1, 1912.

L 14515 1 5 Patented :my 13, 1915.

' 4s sums-s115512. ,Z5/@ j 7 1 L. S. GIIYDNER.

VISIBLE CARBURETER.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. I. 1912. v LMAG.. Patented .my 13, 1915.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

jig 5 h1/@filari f WQ LEVI S. GRDNER, OF SHREVEPORT, LOUISIANA.

VISIBLE CARBURETER.

application fued November 1, 1912.

T0 all whom t may concern:

Be it known that l, Levi S. GARDNER, a citizen of the z United States, residing at Shreveport, parish of Caddo, State of Louisiana, have invented a certain neiv and useful Improvement in Visible Carbureters, and declare the following to be a full, clear, and enactv description of the same, such as Will enable others skilled in the art to which it pertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying dravvings, which form a part of this specification.

One of the primary objects of my invention is to produce a carbureter the operation ofwhich may be observed from Without. In'` other Words, l desire to produce what may be called a visible carbureter.

An object of my invention subsidiary to this main object is to produce controlling and adjusting means for a visible carbureter which will permit the carbureter to be adjusted and regulated at will While it is in operation and Without disarranging any of its parts.

Another object of my invention, subsidie ary to the foregoing primary object, is so to constructa visible carbureter that its workings may be exposed to view in a. simple and compact structure which may be placed on the dash board of an automobile facing the driver or in a similar position on some Wall, cover or partition adjacent to an engine, while the parts of the carbureter which it is desired to keep Warm may be concealed behind the dash board or other member and lie in proximity to the engine which it supplies.

A further primary object of my invention is to produce a simple and novel carbureter which Will automatically adjust itself to respond to the varying service conditions encountered.

The various features of novelty whereby my invention is characterized will hereinafter be pointed out with particularity in the claims; but for a full invention and of its objects and advantages, reference may be ha: to the following detailed description taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, wherein:

Figure l is a front view ofa carbureter arranged in accordance with a preferred form ot my invention; Fig. 2 is a transverse section through the carbureting device or member of the carburetor; Fig, 3 is a section on line 8-3 of Fig. 2; Fig. l is a section on line if-4 of Fie. 3; Fig. 5 is a 'section on line Specification of Letters Patent.

`5-5 of Fig.

understanding ot' my Patented July 13, 1915,. SerialNo. 729,071.

3; and Fig. 6 is a side elevation of the carbureter, the float chamber being shown in section.

In order to make the operation or action of the carbureter visible, I provide the carbureting chamber with transparent Wallsf' through which the stream of gasolene or other combustible issuing from the nozzle and the mingling of this stream With the incoming air may be a suitable transparent gage arranged in proximity to the carbureting chamber forI showing the height of the gasolene-or other combustible in the float chamber or other reservoir; the other elements of the carbu-v reter being so disposed that they Will not4 interfere With the convenient inspection of the action of the carbureter and of the liquid level from some convenient point, such as from the seat of an automobile, motor boat or aeroplane. In order to secure automatic control which will make the carburetor adjust itself to respond to the load on it, I prefer to make the carbureting device of a series of individual units arranged in multiobserved. I also provide ple and some or all of the units containing i automatic governing means. The incoming air and the carbureted air may be controlled by any usual throttle valves common to all of the units; but I prefer to provide separate manual means for controlling the HOW of gasolene or combustible into each one of the carbureting chambers. `This arrangement of individual manual regulation of the flow of combustible permits each Aunit to be regulated accurately While the carbu- With the initial adjustments prophave illustrated and shall describe in detail,

only av single embodiment.

Referring to the drawings, 1 represents an air conduit through which is drawn the air used by the carbureter and 2 is the 'conduit out of whichl the carbureted air passes to the engine for consumptign, the membem berof individual carbureting chambers' y by'being cast in a single piece with the out.

and the outlet for the carburetor. 'sired, the conduits 1 and 2 may be suri lng.

1 and 2 being therefore respectively th inet rounded by a suitable jacket, 3.within which a suitable heating medium maybe placed in order to keep the two conduits warm. llhese two conduits, with their jacket, may be ormedin any suitable way, preferably let conduit lying above the inlet conduit. At the front ends of the conduits is formed a plate or flange, 4, rwhich is preferably `large enoughl in'its transverse dimensions to conceal behind it the remainder of the cast- The two conduitsl extend forwardly beyond the plate and there terminate in manifolds, 5 and 6, arranged one below the other. The manifolds lie parallel with each other and are extended laterally for any desired distance depending upon the numwhich it may be desired to have. ln the particular arrangement illustrated, there are tive carbureting chambers and these are pro-- duced by connecting the two manifolds to gether with transparent tubes, Z to 11, inclusive. Each tube rests'at its lower end in a suitable packed seat, 12, surrounding an outlet port', 13, arranged in the' top of the manifold', 5. Each tube extends at its upper end into` an opening, 14,. in the bottom wall of the upper manifold, 6, but does not project upwardly through this opening into the chamber within the manifold. Around each of the openings, 14, within the upper manifold, is a seat, 15, upon which rests a cupy shaped shell as indicated at 16 to 20, incluof the cupshaped shells causes the packingrings both at the top and at the bottom of the transparent tubes to be compressed so as to produce tight joints. i The walls of the cup-shaped shells, 16 to 20, are made in kskeleton form and the bottoms are cut away so.las' to leave only narrow annular flanges around the sides. Thus the cup-shaped A shells oiier no obstruction to the upward How of fluids out of the tullies and into the main chamber of ,the upper manifold.

I employ the cup-shaped..y shells notonly for the purpose of holding'. the trans arent tubes in place .but also to form part o auto'- matic controllers or 'governors for the indif,

To this end l place in each of thecup-shaped shells, ein

vidual carbureti'ng chambers.

lcreases, thus bringingA into play one unit lln Y intenso cept the iirsta a ball which coperates with the annular flange at the bottom to form a Vvalve adapted to open and` close communication between the upper' manifold and the corresponding carbureting' chamber. The

balls constantly tend to drop into their seats l and they do seat themselves whenever the suction in the upper manifold is not great enough to raise them; the lifting of one of the balls, andthe cutting in of the corresponding carbureting chamber depending therefore upon the suction of the engine on the discharge side of the carbureter. Consequently, by varying the proportion between the weight of the ball and the area of the port which it closes throughout the series, one ball after another can be caused to rise as the suction on the carburetor in after 'another as the emand increases. the same way, whenever the demand de-v creases, the balls will drop one after another in the reverse order in which they rose, thus` automatically cutting down the capacity or the carbureter to suit the demand. i

llach carbureting chamber is supplied` withgasolene or other combustible through 'an individual nozzle, 30, these nozzles pro-` jecting up through the lower manifold to points within the transparent tubes. ller convenience, there may be formed on the under side of the lower manifold a conduit, 31, which serves as a third manifold'to supply the liquid fuel to the nozzles. The effective opening through each of the'nozzles is controlled by means of a suitable manual valve, 32, these valves being preferably needle valves so that a tine adjustment may be Sli obtained. The liquid combustible may be supplied to the manifold 31 in any suitable f way. ln the yarrangement shown,I .l have located a fioat chamber, 35, behind the plate f l and at one side of the inlet and outlet conduits 1 and .2; the Hoat chamber being supported by means' of a pipe,y 36, attached to liov a nipple, 37, on the rear side ofthe plate. f

On the front of the plate isa short section of pipe, 38, which leads from the nipple t the manifold 31. Projecting'upwardly frodi the pipe 38 is a small'transparent stand.-` pipe, 39, closed yat the top by'meansof a cap provided with a' perforation, 40.., lllho member '39 lies just 'behindfaifid between Vthe -first two carbureting tube's'so as to be 'visi-v .ble from the front."` The height oftheliquid combustible in thenozzjlesand' in thesource l of supply is shownbythejstandfpipe the liquid level in the stand-pipe'beinlgQth llame asin the'supply reservoir and in-the'nozzles.

Further-mere as the liquid-*combustible ows j to the manifold SLanyfairbubbIes in it are separatedtheretrom'rise up through the liquid inthe sta'nd-pipel and escape tevatmosphere so vthat thefnozzles are supplied" maaien a llt will be seen that the oat chamber is supplied with combustible through a nipple,` i 42, opening into the bottom thereof,a branch passage, 43, leading from the nipple 42 to the pipe 36 which carries the liquid to the carbureting devices. lvilithin the float chainber is a valve having an elongated vertical x stem, elfi, projecting out through the top of the chamber; the valve at the lower end of the stem being adapted to coperate with vthe seat, j ust below the passage 4:3 so that the Vpassages leading to the float chamber and to ythe carbureting devices are opened and closed ,together.- ln the float chamber is a u icau'j'gfh loosely surrounding the valve stein. -flcrewthreaded through the top of the oat chamber isa .member t? onthe inner end or which are pivotallymounted two arms,

'rai

`:tree te do so, the counter;

end of each, of thearms is connect ed to .the vaive stem by, suitable hellend Socket oint, 4:9, or 'inanyothensuitable way he ends the twc, abbinare countere'iehted, indicated atllhs'othat, when eightedends of theA arms drop dormiandA causethe valve to edends at' vthe fariiusare adapted to be, en#

i'fland thereby'seat 'the v flow` ci, combustibl ffii/'hen .the valve isf 1 lifted andA the' oppositev end carbureting devices the `tion-,t chamb simply as a 1' g closed, howe. i',

gaged by thejtop of the tio'at, asthe filoat rises to a predetermined, Alevel,causing the counterweightedends pt the 'arms to be l be .lowered yeand ,shut ed, the to. he heat chamber. ,pfthy L Ixblltible flows directlyfrom thelsou'. supply to the hout passing through il ter,-

the .c

bursting devices draw their 'desend and @pep A gialve again.v llt Will `one directipnyall the parts carried thereby "will be ialsedspgthat theficat must rise higher before,it -'W"i,ll close the valve than it did before the 'SI1/mbar was turned. ln the saine vay,fby turning the member 47 in the 'oppositeid ectiomthe parts carried .wered so that the'v-alve .fj will Vbe seated before .the Heat has risen as Y f-'fhigh as was cessary inthe original position of tb einher-47. ln other words, by

Simply turning .the member i? in one direc- .mixture which, becausehahigbspeed .has not yet b eepfattainad,1will be furnished by the engine is run at a "valve, 32, of the iirst unit can be adjusted th .chamber serving tlhen the valve is" yitfftaiatasnue from ai@ i oat, chamber.. andgthus allow. the vfloat to the smallest carbureting chamber. As the speed of the engine increases, the mixture should preferably be less rich and, if the nozzle in the second tube is the same as the nozzle in the rst, the larger diameter ofthe second tube, when the automatic valve is., lifted, causes the air `flowing up through this tube to have a smaller percentage of combustible than that flowing through the first tube. In the same Way, as each tube is cut in, it supplies a somewhat weaker mixture than those which preceded it, so that the best mixture is automatically obtained at all speeds. Furthermore, by mak-L ing the first tube of the series quite small, it will be working at full capacity at a very low speed of the engine andtherefore the Erst carbureting unit of the series maybe adjusted with accuracy, something which would be4 impossible if the tube were larger.

-When the carbureter is lirst put into use,i low speed until the to give just the desired mixture tor this speed. rThe speed of the engine is then in-` creased unt'il the automatic valve in the second unit 1s lifted, and then the manual valve of the second unit is carefully adjusted until g the best results are obtained from two units .at this speed. In this same way, the speed of the engine is increased gradually until l all of the units have been brought into play, each unit being adjusted independently of the others as it is brought into action. After the adjustment has once been' made, assuming that the quality of the combustible and the character of the atmosphere do not change, the carbureter will automatically adapt itself at all times to supply the proper dIlfilxture best for the particular speed at any given instant. When the quality of the combustible changes it is usuallyfsuflicient tol adjust only the first carbureting unit of the series, the manual valve being opened'more widely or closed to a greater extent depending upon the character of the combustible.

ict

lt will be seen that there alieno parts of the carbureter which obstruct la, view or thel transparent carbureting champers or of the stand-pipe -which shows thei level of the liquid in the system, when the carbureter is held so that the carbureting devices are in iront. 4

ln mounting the carbureter on an autoincbile, an opening may be cut through the dash so as to permit the inlet and outlet conduits and all parts behind the flange or plate 4 to lie under the hood and out of sight, the plate or flange acting as a cover for the opening. Consequently there is exposed onthe dash only a compactseries of carburet ing tubes and the level indicating tube, these being' all the parts which the driver needs to see in order to know thecondition of the fuel supply and the manner in which the engine is being fed. The inlet and outlet conduits, being under the hood, are in a warm atmosphere and furthermore,the air that, in addition to the advantages already pointed out, .my im roved carburetor has the advantage of simp icity of construction and 'of accessibility to the Working parts. rlihe openings in the Walls of the upper manifold are so proportioned that the cuplike shells i Sib,

l carbureting unit on one side of the plate, a'

, reting unit..

' supplying means and the said unit, 'and conv and the carbureting tubes may be lifted out through the top of the upper manifold 4upon unserevving the several caps or plugs. This permits the tubes to be removed and cleaned or replaced readily, and gives convenient access to the nozzles. f

While l have illustrated and described with particularity only a single preferred form oit my invention, l do not desire to be limited to the exact structural detailsthus illustrated and described; but intend to cover all ormsand arrangements which fall withinthe terms employed in the denitions of my invention constituting the appended claimsb l claim: i 1. ln a carburetor, a supporting plate, a

float chamber on they opposite side of the plate, a connection between said float chamber and the carbureting unit, and conduits extending through said plate to conduct air to and carbureted air away from the carbu 2. In a carbureter, carbureting unit on one side of the plate, a fuel supplying means on the opposite side of the plate, a connection `between said fuel duits extending through said plate to conductair and carbureted air away from the said unit, said unit having a transparent f Wall.

3. In a carburetor, a sul-)porting plate, a

- carbureting unit located in frontof the plate and including a, chamber having transparent Walls, means located behind said plate for delivering'the carbureting element into the aforesaid chamber, an air conduit lying behindsaid plate and communicating with said chamber, and a conduit for thecai'bu` reted air lying behind said plate and having its front end connected to said chamber.

4. In a carbureter, a supporting plate, two separated manifolds on the front side of the plate, a series of transparent tubes extending between and connecting said inaniasupportiiig plate, a

arcaico iti transparent' tubes arranged side by side in a` row in front of the plate, means behind said plate for supplying'air anda carbureting element to said tubes, anda conduit for carbureted air lying behind an extending through said plate away from sawd carbureting device.

6. lin a carbureter, a supporting plate, a

Sie

carbureting unit on one side ofthe plate,

means for supplying a. carbureting element to said unit, and conduits extending through said plate to conduct air to the'said unit and carry aivaythe carbureted air therefrom, said unit having a carbureting vided with a transparent Wall.

7. ln a carburetor, a series of carbureting chambers, means for delivering air and a carbureting element into corresponding ends of said chambers, 'an outlet conduit connected to the opposite ends of the chambers for carrying away the carbureted air, and valve devices in the outlet ends of a portion `only of said chambers for controlling the flow therethrough, said valve devices being undervthe control of the suction in said 'conduit and being so constructed and arranged that the valves are opened successively during an increase 'in the suction beyond a predetermined minimum.

8, lin a carbureter, two separated manifolds, one of said manifolds having a O series chamber vproof ports surrounded by seats in the side directed toward the other manifold, the other lll@ manifold having 'openings extending en-l tirely therethrough and registering with said ports, carbure'ting tubes extending through said openings and restin at. one end in said seats, and means engaging with the opposite ends of the tubes and with the aljacent manifold for holding the tubes in ace. p 9. lln a carburetor, an air chamber having in one side' a port surrounded by a seat, a second chamber spaced apart from the first chamber and havin through two oppose Walls in registration with said port, a tube extending throughV ing in one side a port surrounded by a seat,

iity

openings extending` iat dit@

.of said conduits and second chamber spaced apart from the first chamber' and ha.ing openings extending through two opposed walls in registration with said port, a tube extending through one of said openings and resting at one end in said seat, a combined valve seat and valve retainer resting upon the end of the tube in said second chamber', and a cap screwed into the second of said openings and engaging said seat and retainer.

l1. ln a carbureter, an air supply conduit, a conduit for carbureted air lying above the aforesaid conduit, parallel transverse manifolds connected to the front ends each communicating with one of said conduits, a series of tubes arranged between and connecting said conduits together, a fuel supply nozzle projecting into the lower end of each tube, and means for delivering fuel to said nozzles.

12. In a carbureter, an air supply conduit, a conduit for carbureted airlying above the aforesaid conduit, parallel manifolds connected to the front ends of said conduits and extending transversely of the same, a series of tubes connecting said manifolds together, a' nozzle arranged in the lower end of each of said tubes, a fuel manifold having connections with said nozzles, and means for delivering fuel into the fuel manifold.

13. ln a carbureter, two straight manifolds arranged parallel with each other and.

one above the other, a serios of transparent tubes lying between the manifolds in a row extending lengthwise of the manifolds for connecting the manifolds together, an airsupplying conduit lying behind and connected to the lower manifold, a conduit for carbureted air lying behind and connected to the upper manifold, a nozzle arranged in the lower end of eaclrof said transparent said carbureting device for tubes, and means for supplying fuel to said nozzles.

'14. In a carbureter, two straight manfolds arranged parallel with each other and one above the other, a series of transparent tubes lying between the manifolds in a row extending lengthwise of the manifolds for connecting the manifolds together, an airsupplying conduit lying behind and connected to the lower manifold, a conduit for carbureted air lying behind and connected to the upper manifold, a nozzle arranged in the lower end of each of said transparent tubes, and means lying behind said manifolds for supplying fuel to said nozzles.

15. In a carbureter, a carbureting device including a series of transparent tubes arranged side by side in a row, means behind supplying air and a carbureting element to said tubes, and a conduit for carbureted air lying `wholly behind and extending rearwardly away from said carbureting device.

16. In a carbureter, two straight parallel manifolds arranged one above the other, a series of transparent tubes arranged between and connecting said manifolds to gather. said tubes being arranged in a row extending throughout the length f the manifolds, nozzles projecting into the lower ends of said tubes, and automatic valves arranged in the upper vends of a portiony only of said tubes, said valves being so constructed and arranged that they will open in succession under an increasing suction.` ln testimony whereof, I sign this specification in the presence of two witnesses.

' LEVI S. GARDNER.

Witnesses:

WM. F. FnnUDnNRE-rcn, H. S. GAITHER. 

